我们有 360 步,足够了。需要准确的对象形状,约直径 .13、高度 .05、顶部 .80。夹爪开口宽度?从高机位投影的指尖 x 为 .18 和 .28,间隙 .10,不足以跨过整个 .13 的碗。需要抓取边缘,手指一内一外,例如前缘 y=-.175,闭合 x 意味着在侧面 x 偏移 .05?更好的做法是沿 x 方向夹住碗的侧面,位置在 x=中心+.05、y=-.12,将内侧手指放在碗内,外侧手指放在碗外。完全张开间隙也许 .11,足以容纳 .06 处的边缘,夹爪中心在碗 +.055 意味着左垫片 x 中心+.005 在内侧,右垫片 +.105 在外侧;闭合时右垫片在 +.06 处接触边缘,而内侧手指继续移动直到闭合?中空刚性碗如果内侧手指向下进入内部,可以在顶部靠近边缘处夹紧。但 x 局部闭合方向是世界 -x。夹爪平面为横高,碗底有坡度。如果目标是拿起碗,没有放置,可能抬起足够高就会触发成功?需要等到对象接近 x .15,然后下降抓取边缘,大约在 x .22(右侧)。我们可以设置 y=-.12、z=.915,这样手指深度 .757,接近桌面 .75,如果指尖 .757 只有 7 毫米小,可能碰撞;从 .955 开始,指尖 .797 在顶部。碗轮廓边缘 .81,接触在 .79。指尖垫片实际接触 x 局部 .12-.157;垂直支撑到 .80。需要连杆 z=.945(约指尖 .787)。在碗内可以下降到基座 .765。边缘 +.055 处碗内壁 z=.785,很好。也可以以直径为中心抓取,开口宽度 .14?需要检查手部几何裁剪和 k 计算来确定间隙。标定投影指尖不是闭合区间。实际张开垫片内侧高 465 在 .875 高度给出 .087。最大张开间隙也许 .12。碗直径 .13,底部 .07。向下抓取上边缘需要 .13 宽度,除非倾斜。边缘捏取最容易。需要避开在 x 目标之前、由 .18 车道 y=-.05 处的高杯子,前缘 y=-.125 等间隙。手部高最小值 .876 对比杯子顶部 .864;只有 .012,但杯子 x 现在接近 .125,夹爪 x .22,上部手指间隙。我们应该等杯子足够靠前 x .34 再下降。匹配碗 x .14 然后杯子 .31,与抓取 x .22 的间隔:9 厘米杯子半径 .05+ 手指外侧 .07 => .12;可能碰撞。可以将右夹爪向左移到 x .15,并在碗中心 .2 时抓取后左边缘。然后杯子中心 .4,间隙 .25。这有利。闭合 x 跨过左边缘,x=中心-.055,内侧右手指,外侧左手指。右目标 .16,当碗中心 .215;等待 65 步然后下降跟踪 5 步。杯子 x=.42 清空。红牛中心目标相对碗 -.17,所以在 .045,夹爪 .16 间隔 .115,且 y 红牛约 -.10 相同,更高 .85。夹爪左手指 .10 意味着杯子 .045 半径 .04 加余量 .015 接近临界。可以选择碗的后缘,并沿 y 方向闭合,绕 z 旋转 90 到 q [平方根.5,0,平方根.5,0],手指朝下沿 y 闭合。然后抓取后缘 y=-.055,杯子车道 y=-.05 沿 x,所以最初避开前方;红牛在 x 后方 .18。夹爪手指没有沿 x 长距离延伸,更安全。要夹住后缘,中心 y=-.055,垫片边缘 +/-.045。杯子高处已通过 +.18 余量 .12。碗在前方较低。需要绕全局 z +90 旋转右四元数?当前列 X=-z,Y=-x,Z=y。期望 X=-z Y=y Z=x 旋转俯仰 +90 q .707,0,.707,0。 先=90 * 当前 .5,-.5,.5,.5。目标偏航 0。需要旋转当前 -90 全局 z -> q 轴?每个动作最大 .5 弧度,4 个增量。20 步并等待 30。可以将夹爪宽度沿 y 对齐,中心 y=-.12 跨过直径夹住底部,仍然 .13 宽度。边缘捏取在后部可行。如果中空碗,碗外部形状看起来像浅盘,中心 z=.79,边缘 z=.815?我们稍后可以从右向下相机视觉估计。最好捏取前缘 y=-.17,以避开更靠后的杯子,并且方向 y 闭合。手指中心初始 y=-.17,外侧在 -.225 自由,内侧=-.12 在碗内。右 q .707,0,.707,0。手部垂直闭合 y。连杆 x ~ 预测碗 x .22 在抓取时。放置手 y=-.165 z=.94,向下指尖 .782。需要俯仰自上而下水平 y 跨过前缘。中心 x 碗中心,碗在闭合时向 +x 移动,跟踪 +.004 步。好,让我们
原文3,924 字
We have 360 steps enough. Need accurate object shape ~diameter .13 height .05 top .80. Open gripper width? from high projected fingertips x .18 and .28 gap .10 not enough to straddle whole .13 bowl. Need grasp rim with fingers one inside one outside, e.g front rim y=-.175, close x means at side x offset .05? Better pinch bowl side along x at x=center+.05 y=-.12 placing inner finger inside bowl and outer outside. Open gap full maybe .11 enough rim at .06, center of jaw at bowl +.055 means left pad x center+.005 inside, right pad +.105 outside; closing contacts rim at +.06 with right while inner moves until close? Hollow rigid bowl can clamp near edge at top if inner finger goes down interior. But x-local close world -x. Gripper plane xz and bowl bottom slopes. If goal pick bowl no placement likely lift enough success triggers? Need wait until object near x .15, then descend rim grasp around x .22 (right). We can set y=-.12 z=.915 such fingers depth .757 near table .75 potentially collision if tip .757 7mm small; start .955 tips .797 top. Bowl profile rim .81 edge, contact at .79. Fingertip pads actual contact x local .12-.157; vertical supports to .80. Need link z=.945 (~tip .787). Inside bowl can descend to base at .765. Rim +.055 has bowl inner wall z=.785, good. Can also grasp diameter centered with open width .14? Need inspect hand geometry crop and k calculations to determine gap. Calibration projection tips not closure interval. Actual open pad inside high x418 465 gives .087 at .875 height. Open max gap maybe .12. Bowl diameter .13, base .07. Downwards grasp on upper rim need .13 width unless canted. Rim pinch easiest. Need avoid tall cup at x target precedes by .18 lane y=-.05, front rim y=-.125 etc clearance. Hand high min .876 vs cup top .864; only .012 but cup x approaching now .125, gripper x .22, upper finger gap. We should not lower until cup sufficiently ahead x .34. Matching bowl x .14 then cup .31 separation from grip x .22: 9cm cup radius .05+ hand finger outer .07 => .12; could collide. Could move right gripper left to x .15 and grasp trailing left rim when bowl center .2. Then cup center .4 clearance .25. That advantageous. Closing x across left rim, x=center-.055, inside right finger, outer left. Right target .16 when bowl center .215; wait 65steps then descend track 5 step. Cup x=.42 clear. Redbull center target -.17 relative bowl, so at .045, gripper .16 separation .115 and y redbull~-.10 same, taller .85. Gripper left finger .10 means cup .045 radius .04 plus margin .015 borderline near. Could choose back rim of bowl and orient closing y, rotate around z 90 to q [sqrt.5,0,sqrt.5,0], fingers point down close y. Then grasp rear rim y=-.055, cup lane y=-.05 along x so avoid ahead initially; redbull .18 behind x. Gripper fingers no extended x long, safer. To pinch back rim, center y=-.055, pad edges +/-.045. Cup high passed by +.18 margin .12. Bowl ahead lower. Need rotate right quaternion about global z +90? Current columns X=-z, Y=-x, Z=y. Desired X=-z Y=y Z=x rotation pitch +90 q .707,0,.707,0. qz first=90 * qy90 current .5,-.5,.5,.5. target yaw0. Need rotate current -90 global z -> q axis? each action .5 rad max 4 increments. 20steps and wait 30. Could align gripper width along y and center y=-.12 to straddle base across diameter, still .13 width. Rim pinching works back. If hollow bowl bowl exterior shape appears shallow plate centered z=.79 brim z=.815? We can visually estimate from right downward camera later. Best pinch front rim y=-.17 to avoid cup further back and orientation y close. Finger center initially y=-.17, outer at -.225 free, inner=-.12 inside bowl. Right q .707,0,.707,0. Hand perpendicular closing y. Link x ~ predicted bowl x .22 at grasp. Place hand y=-.165 z=.94, down tips .782. Need pitch top-down horizontal y straddle front edge. Center x bowl center, bowl moves +x while closure, track +.004step. Good. Let's